It helps to have a common vocabulary.  “Glossary” isn’t quite the right word for this list since many of these are ideas or phrases instead of single words, and “encyclopedia” is far too grand.  Anyway, I hope this list is helpful.  More will be added with time.

Ad Hominem Fallacy
Apologetics
Argument from Authority
Beg the Question
Bronze Age Collapse
Burden of Proof
Burqa
Caltrop Argument
CE, BCE
Circular Reasoning
Confirmation Bias
Cottingley Fairies
Criterion of Embarrassment
Criterion of Multiple Attestation
Deepity
False Negative
False Positive
Genetic Fallacy
Haggard’s Law
Hijab
Hoare’s Dictum
Hyperactive Agency Detection
Irreducible Complexity
Law, Scientific
Niqab
Opiate of the Masses
Pareidolia
Poe’s Law
Principle of Analogy
Public Square
Russell’s Teapot
Shibboleth
Shermer’s Law
Survival of the Fittest
Systems
Textus Receptus
Theory, Scientific
Wicked vs. Tame Problems
Word Hygiene